Complete Blood Count (CBC): ACW, SC1, SC2

WBC = White blood cells These are 'The defenders' of the body. They help to fight off infections, or react to vaccines if the individual is receiving a vaccination.
RBC = Red blood cells The count of red blood cells.  This is done by an actual count.   The cells are counted by getting them 'lined up' and then counting them as they go through an opening.  RBC - they have an average diameter 6-9 microns.
HGB = Hemoglobin concentration  Hemoglobin is the part of the red blood cell that carries oxygen.  It is important that hemoglobin be in certain proportion to the red cells.
HCT = Hematocrit This value is defined at the packed volume of red cells in wholeblood.  In our primary machine it is calculated by MCV x RBC.  In an emergency it can also be individually measured.
MCV = Mean cell volume This number is derived from a red blood cell 'histogram' and shows 'size' of the red blood cells in relation to the normal size.
MCH = Mean cell hemoglobin  Calculated by HGB/RBC.  A low number may indicate an iron deficiency, or a condition that breaks up red blood cells.
MCHC = Mean cell hemoglobin concentration  is calculated defined as HGB / HCT.  It is the indice value which is used to verify the presence of adequate hemoglobin concentration in the cells visible on the peripheral smear (looking at blood on a microscope slide).
LYMF = Lymphocytes (absolute number) Lymphocytes are a certain type of WBC.  They are most important in viral infections.  In the early stage of viral infections, the numbers will be low.
GRAN = Granulocytes/Neutrophils  Their primary function is phagocytosis.  Webster describes phagocytosis: the engulfing and usually the destruction of particulate matter by phagocytes.
MID = Monocytes/Macrophage: This is the second branch of the phagocyte system.  They can gobble up larger particles within the blood system.  They also have other roles such as modifying those foreign particles so the Lymphocytes can recognize them.
The second part has the percentage of each different type of WBC amongst the total number of WBC's.
LYMF  = Lymphocytes. (percentage) In both dogs and cats, the percentage can be low as a response to stress in the body.  The stress could be just coming to the hospital, or a serious disease condition.
GRAN = Granulocytes/Neutrophils  These primary phagocytes should be the highest percentage among the white blood cells (unless you're a cow) and that relative percentage is very helpful to determine if changes are due to disease, stress, or other conditions.
MID = Monocytes/Macrophage They also moderate and 'recruit' the neutrophils to the site of infection.
Platelet Estimate = This estimates whether the total number of platelets is increased or decreased.
PLT  = Platelet count  Platelets function to 'plug holes' in the blood system.  Platelets are the small cells that show up initially and are later followed by fibrin in the formation of a clot.  Low platelet counts can indicate that the body is using up the platelets available, or is not able to produce them normally.
 
Superchem: SC1, SC2,   - only * in ACW
AST (SGOT) = Aspartate Aminotransferase  Normally found in red blood cells, liver, heart, muscle tissue, pancreas, and kidneys; elevated levels can indicate disease or damage to one of these organs.
* ALT (SGPT) = Alanine Aminotransferase   An enzyme that becomes elevated with liver disease.
TBIL = Total Bilirubin   A component of bile, bilirubin is secreted by the liver into the intestinal tract.  Blood bilirubin levels are useful in diagnosing problems in the bile ducts.
* ALP = Alkaline Phosphatase   An enzyme produced by biliary tract (liver). Elevated levels can indicate liver disease or Cushings's syndrome.
GGT = Gamma-glutamyltransferase  An enzyme that increases the chemical reaction between a peptide and an amino acid.
* TP = Total Protein   The level of Total Protein can suggest a variety of conditions including dehydration and diseases of the liver, kidney, or gastrointestinal tract.
* ALB = Albumin   Produced by the liver, reduced levels of this protein can point to chronic liver or kidney disease, or parasitic infections such as hookworm.
* GLOB = Globulins  These proteins are produced by the immune system to help ward off infection.  They are commonly referred to as 'antibodies'.
CHOL = Cholesterol   Elevated levels of Cholesterol are seen in a variety of disorders including hypothyroidism and diseases of the liver or kidney.
* BUN = Blood Urea Nitrogen   BUN is produced by the liver and excreted by the kidneys.  Testing for it helps to detect liver and kidney abnormalities.
* CRE = Creatinine   Creatinine is a by-product of  muscle metabolism and is excreted by the kidneys.  Elevated levels can indicate kidney disease or urinary obstruction.
PHOS = Phosphorus   Can be an indicator of kidney disease when elevated.
CA++ = Calcium   Increased levels of this mineral can be an indicator of certain types of tumors, parathyroid, or kidney disease.
* GLU = Blood Glucose   High levels can help diagnose diabetes and can indicate stress - especially in cats.  Low levels can indicate liver disease.
AMY = Amylase   The pancreas produces and secretes amylase to aid in digestion.  Elevated blood levels can indicate pancreatic and/or kidney disease.
Lipase = An enzyme used in the digestive process, elevation could mean pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas).
NA+ = Sodium - Electrolytes
* K+ = Potassium - Electrolytes  The balance of these chemicals is vital to your pet's health.  Abnormal levels can be life threatening.  Electrolyte tests  are important in evaluating vomiting, diarrhea, and cardiac symptoms.
Chloride = Electrolytes
CPK = Creatinine Phosphokinase  An enzyme found mainly in the heart, brain, and skeletal muscle; when the CPK level his high, it usually means there has been injury or stress to the one or more of these body systems.
Triglyceride = Fatty acid.  This is a pre-cursor to cholesterol which is not usually a concern in pets.
Magnesium = A mineral obtained mostly from food that helps the muscles and nerves function.  It also helps the heart maintain normal rhythm, the bones to stay strong, and it helps the body to process energy and make proteins.

Urinalysis: SC1, SC2
Color/Appearance = The color and clarity of the urine tells us a lot regarding how some of the other test results may be interpreted.  For example, a very cloudy sample may interfere with some of the other tests.
Specific Gravity = This value measures the concentrating ability of the kidneys.  It is very helpful in determining the amount of 'functional kidney tissue' in the body.
pH = pH is the acid / base measurement of  urine.  In our carnivorous animals, like our dogs and cats, it is normally in the 5.5 - 6.5 range. pH can affect how the urine can prevent infections and the formation of different bladder stones and crystals.
Protein = Protein is not normally present in urine.  It indicates disease in the first part of the kidney cell structure.  Untreated high blood pressure is probably the most significant and rapidly increasing cause of chronic renal failure.
Glucose-Strip = This indicates sugar in the urine sample.  If this test is positive, it usually indicates  Diabetes.
Ketones = These are byproducts of the metabolism of fats.  They are found in the urine of pets (and humans) as they lose weight, also in diabetics that are not well regulated.
Bilirubin = The bilirubin is related to the bile that is produced by the liver.  Under normal conditions, this test is negative.  If it is elevated, it may indicate liver or gall bladder disease.
Blood = Normally, there is no blood in the urine sample.  However, this is where it is important to know the sample collection technique, because a cysto or a catheter sample may contain a small amount of blood.
WBC/HPF = Indicates infection, and helps to determine if initial test showed WBCs or artifacts.
RBC/HPF = Red blood cells in the urine can indicate infection as noted above under Blood.
Casts/LPF = Casts are produced by normal kidney concentrating function, just not very many. Too many casts can indicate problems with the glomerulus (a specific area of the urinary system). 
Crystals/HPF = There may be different types of crystals in the urine that can cause some chronic bladder problems.  Many of these problems can be managed with food.
Bacteria = Identify if cocci or rod bacteria are seen.
Transitional/Squamous/Renal Epithelial Cells = Epithelial cells are normal cells lining the bladder and urethra.  There may be a few in a normal sample. 
 
T4: SC1, SC2
Thyroid = The thyroid gland has a variety of functions:  it affects metabolism, skin, and immunity.  In dogs, we can see disease caused by low levels of Thyroid.  In cats, disease is caused by elevated thyroid levels.

Heartworm Antigen: ACW, SC2
Heartworm Antigen = This test will indicate if your dog currently has Heartworm Disease.  This disease is spread by mosquitoes (a mosquito bites an animal with heartworms and then bites your pet and if your pet is not on monthly heartworm prevention then your pet gets Heartworm Disease).

Ova & Parasites w/ Centrifugation: SC1, SC2
Fecal Test = This test checks for intestinal parasite eggs.  Centrifugation is the "spinning down" of the stool sample, which means, it is mixed with a special solution and spun around in a centrifuge at a very high rate of speed.  This process allows the microscopic worm eggs to float to the surface of the mixture and then able to be seen under a microscope.
 

WBC = White blood cells These are 'The defenders' of the body. They help to fight off infections, or react to vaccines if the individual is receiving a vaccination.
RBC = Red blood cells The count of red blood cells.  This is done by an actual count.   The cells are counted by getting them 'lined up' and then counting them as they go through an opening.  RBC - they have an average diameter 6-9 microns.
HGB = Hemoglobin concentration  Hemoglobin is the part of the red blood cell that carries oxygen.  It is important that hemoglobin be in certain proportion to the red cells.
HCT = Hematocrit This value is defined at the packed volume of red cells in wholeblood.  In our primary machine it is calculated by MCV x RBC.  In an emergency it can also be individually measured.
MCV = Mean cell volume This number is derived from a red blood cell 'histogram' and shows 'size' of the red blood cells in relation to the normal size.
MCH = Mean cell hemoglobin  Calculated by HGB/RBC.  A low number may indicate an iron deficiency, or a condition that breaks up red blood cells.
MCHC = Mean cell hemoglobin concentration  is calculated defined as HGB / HCT.  It is the indice value which is used to verify the presence of adequate hemoglobin concentration in the cells visible on the peripheral smear (looking at blood on a microscope slide).
LYMF = Lymphocytes (absolute number) Lymphocytes are a certain type of WBC.  They are most important in viral infections.  In the early stage of viral infections, the numbers will be low.
GRAN = Granulocytes/Neutrophils  Their primary function is phagocytosis.  Webster describes phagocytosis: the engulfing and usually the destruction of particulate matter by phagocytes.
MID = Monocytes/Macrophage: This is the second branch of the phagocyte system.  They can gobble up larger particles within the blood system.  They also have other roles such as modifying those foreign particles so the Lymphocytes can recognize them.
The second part has the percentage of each different type of WBC amongst the total number of WBC's.
LYMF  = Lymphocytes. (percentage) In both dogs and cats, the percentage can be low as a response to stress in the body.  The stress could be just coming to the hospital, or a serious disease condition.
GRAN = Granulocytes/Neutrophils  These primary phagocytes should be the highest percentage among the white blood cells (unless you're a cow) and that relative percentage is very helpful to determine if changes are due to disease, stress, or other conditions.
MID = Monocytes/Macrophage They also moderate and 'recruit' the neutrophils to the site of infection.
Platelet Estimate = This estimates whether the total number of platelets is increased or decreased.
PLT  = Platelet count  Platelets function to 'plug holes' in the blood system.  Platelets are the small cells that show up initially and are later followed by fibrin in the formation of a clot.  Low platelet counts can indicate that the body is using up the platelets available, or is not able to produce them normally.
 
Superchem: SF1, SF2,   - only * in AFW
AST (SGOT) = Aspartate Aminotransferase  Normally found in red blood cells, liver, heart, muscle tissue, pancreas, and kidneys; elevated levels can indicate disease or damage to one of these organs.
* ALT (SGPT) = Alanine Aminotransferase   An enzyme that becomes elevated with liver disease.
TBIL = Total Bilirubin   A component of bile, bilirubin is secreted by the liver into the intestinal tract.  Blood bilirubin levels are useful in diagnosing problems in the bile ducts.
* ALP = Alkaline Phosphatase   An enzyme produced by biliary tract (liver). Elevated levels can indicate liver disease or Cushings's syndrome.
GGT = Gamma-glutamyltransferase  An enzyme that increases the chemical reaction between a peptide and an amino acid.
* TP = Total Protein   The level of Total Protein can suggest a variety of conditions including dehydration and diseases of the liver, kidney, or gastrointestinal tract.
* ALB = Albumin   Produced by the liver, reduced levels of this protein can point to chronic liver or kidney disease, or parasitic infections such as hookworm.
* GLOB = Globulins  These proteins are produced by the immune system to help ward off infection.  They are commonly referred to as 'antibodies'.
CHOL = Cholesterol   Elevated levels of Cholesterol are seen in a variety of disorders including hypothyroidism and diseases of the liver or kidney.
* BUN = Blood Urea Nitrogen   BUN is produced by the liver and excreted by the kidneys.  Testing for it helps to detect liver and kidney abnormalities.
* CRE = Creatinine   Creatinine is a by-product of  muscle metabolism and is excreted by the kidneys.  Elevated levels can indicate kidney disease or urinary obstruction.
PHOS = Phosphorus   Can be an indicator of kidney disease when elevated.
CA++ = Calcium   Increased levels of this mineral can be an indicator of certain types of tumors, parathyroid, or kidney disease.
* GLU = Blood Glucose   High levels can help diagnose diabetes and can indicate stress - especially in cats.  Low levels can indicate liver disease.
AMY = Amylase   The pancreas produces and secretes amylase to aid in digestion.  Elevated blood levels can indicate pancreatic and/or kidney disease.
Lipase = An enzyme used in the digestive process, elevation could mean pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas).
NA+ = Sodium - Electrolytes
* K+ = Potassium - Electrolytes  The balance of these chemicals is vital to your pet's health.  Abnormal levels can be life threatening.  Electrolyte tests  are important in evaluating vomiting, diarrhea, and cardiac symptoms.
Chloride = Electrolytes
CPK = Creatinine Phosphokinase  An enzyme found mainly in the heart, brain, and skeletal muscle; when the CPK level his high, it usually means there has been injury or stress to the one or more of these body systems.
Triglyceride = Fatty acid.  This is a pre-cursor to cholesterol which is not usually a concern in pets.
Magnesium = A mineral obtained mostly from food that helps the muscles and nerves function.  It also helps the heart maintain normal rhythm, the bones to stay strong, and it helps the body to process energy and make proteins.

Urinalysis: SF1, SF2
Color/Appearance = The color and clarity of the urine tells us a lot regarding how some of the other test results may be interpreted.  For example, a very cloudy sample may interfere with some of the other tests.
Specific Gravity = This value measures the concentrating ability of the kidneys.  It is very helpful in determining the amount of 'functional kidney tissue' in the body.
pH = pH is the acid / base measurement of  urine.  In our carnivorous animals, like our dogs and cats, it is normally in the 5.5 - 6.5 range. pH can affect how the urine can prevent infections and the formation of different bladder stones and crystals.
Protein = Protein is not normally present in urine.  It indicates disease in the first part of the kidney cell structure.  Untreated high blood pressure is probably the most significant and rapidly increasing cause of chronic renal failure.
Glucose-Strip = This indicates sugar in the urine sample.  If this test is positive, it usually indicates  Diabetes.
Ketones = These are byproducts of the metabolism of fats.  They are found in the urine of pets (and humans) as they lose weight, also in diabetics that are not well regulated.
Bilirubin = The bilirubin is related to the bile that is produced by the liver.  Under normal conditions, this test is negative.  If it is elevated, it may indicate liver or gall bladder disease.
Blood = Normally, there is no blood in the urine sample.  However, this is where it is important to know the sample collection technique, because a cysto or a catheter sample may contain a small amount of blood.
WBC/HPF = Indicates infection, and helps to determine if initial test showed WBCs or artifacts.
RBC/HPF = Red blood cells in the urine can indicate infection as noted above under Blood.
Casts/LPF = Casts are produced by normal kidney concentrating function, just not very many. Too many casts can indicate problems with the glomerulus (a specific area of the urinary system). 
Crystals/HPF = There may be different types of crystals in the urine that can cause some chronic bladder problems.  Many of these problems can be managed with food.
Bacteria = Identify if cocci or rod bacteria are seen.
Transitional/Squamous/Renal Epithelial Cells = Epithelial cells are normal cells lining the bladder and urethra.  There may be a few in a normal sample. 
 
T4: SF1, SF2
Thyroid = The thyroid gland has a variety of functions:  it affects metabolism, skin, and immunity.  In dogs, we can see disease caused by low levels of Thyroid.  In cats, disease is caused by elevated thyroid levels.

SF1
Heartworm Antigen = This test will indicate if your cat currently has Heartworm Disease.  This disease is spread by mosquitoes (a mosquito bites an animal with heartworms and then bites your pet and if your pet is not on monthly heartworm prevention then your pet gets Heartworm Disease).

AFW, SF2
Heartworm Antibody = This test will indicate if your cat has had any previous exposure to the Heartworm Disease.  This disease is spread by mosquitoes (a mosquito bites an animal with heartworms and then bites your pet and if your pet is not on monthly heartworm prevention then your pet gets Heartworm Disease).

Ova & Parasites w/ Centrifugation: SF1, SF2
Fecal Test = This test checks for intestinal parasite eggs.  Centrifugation is the "spinning down" of the stool sample, which means, it is mixed with a special solution and spun around in a centrifuge at a very high rate of speed.  This process allows the microscopic worm eggs to float to the surface of the mixture and then able to be seen under a microscope.
 
FeLV/FIV:   SF2

Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) = This virus is spread through the saliva, nasal secretions, urine, feces, and milk.  It is the most common cause of cancer, it may cause various blood disorders, and it can lead to a state of immune deficiency which would inhibit your cat from fighting off other infections.

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) = FIV is a retrovirus in the same family as the human AIDS virus, with a few significant differences.  Saliva to blood (biting) is generally accepted as the primary source of spreading the virus, and it is unlikely (but not impossible) that cats will spread FIV by drinking or eating out of the same food dish, or by mutual grooming.  Another, less common means of transmission is from the mother cat (Queen) to her kittens during gestation, during birth, or by nursing.